What is Dart? 🚀

Dart is a modern programming language created by the company Google. It is used for development mobile applications (Flutter), web applications, as well as server programs. Dart was developed with a focus on simplicity, speed and safety.

Why study Dart? 🔥

• Simplicity: Dart has a clear and clean syntax that is easy to learn.

• Performance: The code is compiled into machine code, which makes programs fast.

• Cross-platform: Works on the web, mobile devices and servers.

• Asynchrony: Support for async and await makes it easy to work with multitasking.

How to install Dart? 💻

To work with Dart, you will need:

• ✅ Install Dart SDK. You can download it from official website.

• ✅ Text editor, for example Visual Studio Code with the Dart extension.

• ✅ Online editor, if you don't want to install Dart locally, you can use DartPad.

How to check if Dart is installed? 🛠

Open the terminal (or command line) and enter:

dart --version

If Dart is installed, you will see its version.

Dart Syntax Basics 📚

1. Variables 📦

In Dart, variables can be declared using var, final and const. The difference between them:

• var — variable.

• final — the value can be set only once.

• const — constant, calculated during compilation.

Example of declaring variables:

void main() {
  var name = "Alice"; // modifiable variable
  final age = 25; // constant value, cannot be changed
  const pi = 3.14; // constant, set at the compilation stage

  print("Name: $name, Age: $age, PI Number: $pi");
}

2. Data output 📤

The display is carried out using print().

Example of output:

void main() {
  print("Hello, world!");
}

3. Conditional operators (if...else) 🧐

Using conditions, you can check data and change the behavior of the program.

Example of using conditions:

void main() {
  int age = 20;

  if (age >= 18) {
    print("You're an adult!");
  } else {
    print("You're still a child.");
  }
}

4. Loops (for, while) 🔄

Loops allow you to perform the same action multiple times.

Example: output of numbers from 1 to 5

void main() {
  for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
    print(i);
  }
}

5. Functions 📐

Functions allow you to break the code into logical blocks.

Example of a function for calculating the square of a number:

int square(int x) {
  return x * x;
}

void main() {
  print("Square of 5: ${square(5)}");
}

Simple projects in Dart 💡

1. Random number generator 🎲

The program generates a random number from 0 to 99 and displays it on the screen.

import 'dart:math';

void main() {
  var random = Random();
  print("Random number: ${random.nextInt(100)}");
}

2. Multiplication table 📊

This code displays a multiplication table from 1 to 10.

void main() {
  for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
    for (int j = 1; j <= 10; j++) {
      print("$i x $j = ${i * j}");
    }
    print(""); // Empty line for separation
  }
}

3. Character counter in a line 🔢

The program counts the number of characters in a given string.

void main() {
  String text = "Hello, Dart!";
  print("Number of characters in the line: ${text.length}");
}

4. Checking the number for evenness 🔍

The program determines whether the number is even or odd.

void main() {
  int number = 42;
  
  if (number % 2 == 0) {
    print("$number - even number");
  } else {
    print("$number - odd number");
  }
}

5. Calculating the factorial of a number 🎯

This code calculates the factorial of a given number.

int factorial(int n) {
  int result = 1;
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
    result *= i;
  }
  return result;
}

void main() {
  print("Factorial 5: ${factorial(5)}");
}

Conclusion 🎉

Dart is a powerful and convenient language for creating mobile and web applications. We have analyzed its basics: variables, input/output, conditions, loops and functions. Now you can write your first programs! 🚀

The more you practice, the better your code becomes. Experiment, try new tasks and master programming! Good luck learning Dart! 😊